Regulation of AI

European Parliament has cleared the draft of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Law.

Highlights of the Proposed AI Act –

• The proposed AI Act will set standards for how AI is deployed within the European Union (EU), and will also apply to any entity that serves EU residents.
• The AI Act will classify AI systems according to risk, from minimal to limited, high, and unacceptable.
• High-risk AI systems will be subject to stringent oversight and auditing.
• The AI Act will ban certain AI systems that breach privacy or enable discrimination.
• The AI Act will require AI systems to be transparent, traceable, non-discriminatory, and environment-friendly.

Classification of AI Systems –

• Categorising AI tools based on risk levels —
  • • Minimal risk
    • Limited risk
    • High risk
    • Unacceptable risk
• Transparency and oversight requirements for high-risk AI tools
• Bans on specific high-risk AI tools —
  • • Banning real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces.
    • Prohibiting remote biometric ID systems for “post-real-time” use, except for law enforcement with judicial authorisation.
    • Bans on biometric categorisation systems using sensitive markers.
    • Banning “predictive policing” systems based on profiling or past criminal behaviour.
    • Prohibiting indiscriminate scraping of biometric data from social media or CCTV footage
    • Bans on “emotion recognition” systems used in various sectors

Compliance requirements for AI Systems —

• Strong transparency requirements for generative model —
  • • Disclosure of AI-generated content
    • Preventing the generation of illegal content
    • Publishing summaries of copyrighted data used for training or citations
• Exemptions for research activities under open-source licenses.
• Regulatory sandboxes for testing AI systems before deployment.
• Ensuring Accountability and Complaint Mechanisms.
  • • Legislation to facilitate citizen complaints and explanations of AI-driven decisions.
    • Enhanced capacity of EU AI Office and relevant national authorities for implementation.

Implications of the proposed AI Act  –

• The proposed AI Act is a significant step forward in the regulation of artificial intelligence.
  • • The Act sets out a clear framework for the development and use of AI systems, and will help to ensure that AI is used in a safe, responsible, and ethical manner.
    • The Act is also likely to have a significant impact on the development of AI technology, as companies will need to comply with the new rules in order to operate in the EU.
• The following are some of the key implications of the proposed AI Act for the future of artificial intelligence —
  • • The Act is likely to lead to increased investment in AI research and development, as companies seek to develop AI systems that comply with the new rules.
    • The Act is likely to accelerate the development of ethical AI standards, as companies seek to ensure that their AI systems are used in a responsible and ethical manner.
    • The Act is likely to lead to increased public trust in AI, as people become more confident that AI systems are being used in a safe and responsible manner.
    • Overall, the proposed AI Act is a positive development for the future of artificial intelligence. The Act will help to ensure that AI is used in a safe, responsible, and ethical manner, and will help to accelerate the development of ethical AI standards.

Conclusion –

The proposed AI Act is still under development, and it is possible that the final text of the Act will differ from the draft that was released by the European Parliament. However, the draft Act provides a good overview of the key provisions that are likely to be included in the final Act to ensure AI systems were overseen by people, and were safe, transparent, traceable, non-discriminatory, and environment-friendly

Source – Business Standard

QUESTION – The European Parliament has cleared a draft of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Law. Discuss the key implications of the proposed AI Act for the future of artificial intelligence in India.