ChatGPT

Recently, ChatGPT, the artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbot crossed one million users in less than a week since it was officially made available to the public.

What is it?

• ChatGPT is language-generation software that’s been designed to carry conversations with people.
• The tool has been developed by OpenAI, a research institute founded in 2015, by a group of entrepreneurs and researchers, including Elon Musk, Sam Altman, and Greg Brockman. The company is best known for Dall-E — the AI-based text-to-image generator
• It is based on the company’s GPT 3.5 series of language learning models (LLM). GPT stands for Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 and this is a kind of computer language model that relies on deep learning techniques to produce human-like text based on inputs.
• Some of its features include the following —
  • • Answering follow-up questions
    • Challenging incorrect premises
    • Rejecting inappropriate queries and even admitting its mistakes, etc.
• It is trained on an enormous amount of text data (from archived books, Wikipedia, etc.) and learned to recognise patterns that enable it to produce its own text mimicking various writing styles.
• It is a part of the larger generative AI, which refers to the ability of computers to automatically create text, videos, photos and other media using cutting-edge machine learning technologies.
• This chatbot powered by AI, makes use of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) technology. This technology produces different answers for the same question in the future since it improves over time and understands queries better through machine learning.

Language-generation software –

• It is a software that generates a sequence of words as output that are conceptually connected to the words given as input.
• In practical terms, it means that it can perform tasks like answering questions and carrying on a conversation with humans.
• It is often used in natural language processing (NLP) applications, such as speech recognition, automatic translation, and text generation.
• There are a few other language models like BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), LaMDA (Language Model for Dialogue Applications) from Google.

Natural language processing –

• A component of AI, NLP is the ability of a computer program to understand human language as it is spoken and written, referred to as natural language.
• There are two main phases to natural language processing as follows —
  • • Data preprocessing — It involves preparing and “cleaning” text data for machines to be able to analyse it.
    • Algorithm development — Once the data has been preprocessed, an algorithm is developed using linguistic rules and statistical methods through repeated processing and learning.

Significance of ChatGPT –

• ChatGPT’s ability to learn and adapt quickly to new information means that it can be trained to handle new topics and tasks without the need for extensive retraining.
• Many experts believe that ChatGPT’s advanced capabilities will be a valuable asset for companies in fields such as customer service, online education, and market research.
• It can respond to a large range of questions while imitating human speaking styles, e.g., answering customer service queries, help debug a code, etc.
• It is being seen as a replacement for the basic emails, party planning lists, CVs, and even college essays and homework.
• It can also do creative tasks such as writing a story and can explain scientific concepts and answer any question that needs factual answers.
• ChatGPT is much more than a chat bot. For example, it can be asked to write a program or even a simple software application.
• It is also capable of reviewing and writing codes in seconds, making the future of coders grim.
• ChatGPT has also been trained to decline ‘inappropriate’ requests, presumably those which are ‘illegal’ in nature.

Limitations of ChatGPT –

• The ChatGPT displayed racial and sexist biases, which remains a problem with almost all AI models.
• Though it gives grammatically correct and read well answers but few users have pointed out that these lack context and substance and are more generalised.
• It also overuses certain phrases due to biases in the training data.
• It also occasionally produces inaccurate information and that its knowledge is restricted to global events that occurred before 2021.
• It is also unable to provide answers to country-specific questions.

Conclusion –

So far, the response to ChatGPT has been overwhelmingly positive, with many praising its advanced capabilities and ease of use. It remains to be seen how ChatGPT will be used in the coming years, but it’s clear that it has the potential to be a major player in the world of natural language processing.

Source – The Indian Express

QUESTION – What is ChatGPT? What are its potential applications? Can it replace the elementary human tasks for which we are dependent upon human resources? Discuss in brief.